Regulator for air compressors



NW, 27, wzx,

R. G. DYSON REGULATOR FOR AIR COMPRESSORS Filed July 8, 1922 aSheets-Sheefil Ina Nov. 27, 1923. 1 75fi57 R. G. DYSON REGULATOR FOR AIRCQMPRESSORS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 8, 1922 .1 /5 F Q o R. G. DYSONREGULATOR FOR AIR comPREssbRs Filed July 8 1922 I5 Sheets-Sheet 5REGULATOR non Application filed m a,

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, Ronnn'r G. DYsoN, a citizen of the United States,residing in Trooper, Pennsylvania, have invented a Regulator for AirCompressors, of which the following is a specification.

y invention relates todevices for re movmg the load in air and othercompressors when the latter are started to permit rapid. pick-up of thecompressor to normal running speed;

One object of my invention is to rovide a device of this nature whichwil automatically open the intake valve of the com pressor during thecompression stroke, and which will leave said valve free for nomalaction during the intake stroke.

A further object of the invention is to provide an unloading devicewhich will function also to balance the crank shaft of the compressorwhen the latter is either with or without load.

In the attached drawings: v

Figure 1, is a side elevation of a compressor, with the fly wheelremoved, equipped withan unloading device made in accor ance with myinvention; 1

Fig. 2 is a front elevation partially in section of the compressor; Fig.3, is a detached enlargement of essential portions of the unloadingmechanism, and

' Fig. 4 is a section on the line lt, Fig. 3. With reference to thedrawings, l 'indiat cates the casing of the compressor having at the topa cylinder 2, the latter being provided with a head in which is mountedin the usual manner an intake valve 4. The intake valve 4 normally isheld to its seat 5 to by means of a s ring 6 upon the valve stem 7, thespring being adjusted to permit opening of the valve upon each suctionstroke of the piston. llhe com ressor further-comprises a crank sha t '8which extends us through one side of the casing 1 and which carries afly wheel 9.

F ired to the shaft 8 intermediate the casing and the fly wheel is acollar or hub 10"- having an integral arm 10, said hub in the presentinstance being secured to the shaft by means of a spline 1. Pivotallysecured ,atl2 to the arm 10 at one side or an ofi'set 10-- of said arm10 is a weighted arm 12 of arcuate formation whichhas a ring 13 securedthereto at oneside as clearly shown the the casin ,1.

are comrnnssons. 1922. Serial m. 573,825.

in Figure 2 of the drawing, said ring bein 1n the present instance castintegral wit the arm 12 and in a position surrounding the hub 10*. I

As best shown in Figure 3, the pivotal movement of the arm 12 on the arm10 is limited by a shoulder let on the 8111110. A spring 15 is attachedinthe present instance to a pin 16 at the end of the arm 12 and to ascrew '16 on the hub 10. The spring 15 tends to retain the arm 12 in theposition shown in full lines in Figures 1 and 3 when the shaft 8 is atrest or movin slowly,,said spring bein so constructed when the shaft 8is rotate at a high speed, to allow the arm 12 to swing into thedot-and-dash line position shown in said Figure 3.

As will be apparent from thedrawings, the arrangement of theaforedescribed elements is such that. when the compressor is idle thering 13 assumes a position eccentric to the shaft 8. en, however, thecompressor is started, the centrifugal force developing in the rotationof the shaft 8 causes the arm 12 to swing outwardly from the shaftagainst the force of the spring 15 until the pivoted end of the armengages the shoulder 14, which tter acts as the limit stop for theoutwardmovement. lin this extended position of the arm 12, thearrangement of the members is such that the 7 ring 13' assumes aposition concentric with the shaft 8, as clearly shown in broken linesinFig. 3, which illustrates the positions of the arm 12 and the ring 13when the compressor is both idle and .in operation. 1 Pivotally mountedupon a bracket 17 on the head 3 is a'lever arm 18, in one end of whicharm is adjustably secured a bolt'l9 which extends downwardly, as shown.in Fig. 2, and abuts the upper end of the valve stem 7 of the valve 4:.To the other end of lever 18 is secured a rod '20 which eatendsdownwardly and has its lower end established in a guide element 21secured to La'rried by the rod 20 and extending into the path of thering 13 when the latter is eccentric to the shaft '8 is a cam roller'23,which latter is adapted to be engaged by the periphery of the cam rin l3is shown in F lg. 3, the arm 10 is so arranged on the shaft ,8 that theweight 12' lies. substantially opposite the t 24, which latter isindicated by broken lines, to a which crank is attachedtheconnecting'rod to a less and less extent as the ring ape (not shown),which connects the piston roaches the concentric position, the load(also not shown) of the compressor with eing thus gradually placed uponthe comthe crank shaft 8, the weight of the unloadpressor. v

ing elements thus being utilized to assist in A further decidedadvantage in this de- 7 balancing the crank shaft 8 by reason 0 vice isfound in the aforedescribed balanctheir weight being opposed to theoffset ing of the crank shaft 8 by reason of opciank Q4. it will benoted that the counposing the weight of the elements of thedeterbalancing force thus obtained, which is vice to the crank 24. Itwill be apparent m leastwhen the speed of rotation of the shaft that asthe speed of the shaft 8 increases to- 8 is also least, graduallyincreases with the gether with the load placed upon the comspeed of theshaft by reason of the outward pressor, the torque upon the shaft 8inmovement of the arm 12, this having the creases proportionately. Thisgradually inefiect of balancing the crankshaft for all creasing strainupon the crank 24 is to 4 speeds of the latter, and as willbe describedsome extent offset by the gradually increashereinafter, both while thecompressor is in moment oi the weight 12 and the asunloaded and loaded.I sociated parts of the unloading elements The operation of the'deviceis as follows: by reason of the outward movement of the iihe compressorbeing started, the arrangearm 12 from the shaft; The effect thus no mentof the cam ring 13 with respect to the obtained is a superior balance inthe crank 95 crank 24 is such that at the beginning of each shaft byreason of the natural adjustment compression stroke the ring engages therollof the balancing elements as the speed of the or 23, and byelevating the rod 20 forces the shaft increases. valve 4 from its seatand retains. it in an The atorede'scribed device is an extreme Q5 openposition until the end ofthe compression ly simple one and applicable toany type of stroke. During the intake stroke of the comcompressorwhether employed forthe compressor, the ring disengages the roller 2pressing of air or other fluid. The device furthe valve 4: beingpermitted to act normally ther is found extremely efficient in operainadmitting air to the cylinder. in this tion, there being realized aconsiderable im- 59 manner, the load is entirely relieved from provementover devices of a similar nature.

a 35 13 in the manner described. I claim:

the piston, since the air drawn into the It will be understood that thedevice is cylinder during the intake stroke is expelled capable ofconsiderable modification with no from the cylinder through the sameport by departure irom the essential features of the reason of the valvebeing opened by the ring invention. It will further be noted that byreason 1. Mechanism for use with a compressor of the aforedescribedarrangement, the having an operating crank shaft and a valve 4 at thestart is opened to a much valve, comprising an unloading devicehavgreater extent on the compression stroke ing a centrifugallyoperative part movable o than on the intake stroke, the openingof thetransversely to the axis and directly opvalve on the latter stroke beingthe normal posed to the crank of said shaft for causing one caused bythe partial vacuum formed abalance for said crank when the compresin thecylinder -*as the piston moves downsor'is either with or without loadsaid cenwardly therein. A decided advantage is trifugallyoperative partbeing also effective 45 in this manner obtained over those devices tocausesaid valve to open during the start- I of a similar nature in whichthe valve is ing movements of said crank shaft.

retained in the open position, both during 2. Mechanism for. use with acompressor intake and compression strokes, since it will having anoperating crank shaft and a be apparent that less air is drawn into thevalve, comprisin an unloading device haviw cylinder during the intakestroke than ing a centrifugally operative part movable would be the casewere the valve retained in transversely to the axis and directly opthewide open position which it is made to posed to the crank ofsaid shaftfor causing assume during the compression stroke. The a balancefor saidcrank when the compresd'ovice does not assist on the intake stroke, soris either with or without load, said cen- 55 but does relieve on thecompression stroke. trifugally operative part being also effective 12 Amaterial increase in the starting efliciency to cause said valve to openintermittently of the compressor is thus realized. duringthe startingmovements of said cran As the speed of the compressor increases, shaft.the rin 13 moves as-previously described 3. In mechanism, thecombination with a gradua y into the concentric position, in drivenshaft, a valve, an arm having a hub 12 which position it does not engagethe roller directly secured to the shaft, 9. centrifugally 23, the valve4 thus being released for normovable member pivotally connected to saidmal operation. It will be noted that by arm and included in a planepassing through reason of the movement of the ring 13 into said hubtransversely of its axis, valve actuthe cotric position, the valve t isopened ating means fixed to said member, and

means operative to hold said valve actuating means in a position foreflecting the operation of said valve during slow rotations of saidshaft, said member, due to centri gal movement during faster rotationsof said shaft, valve operating means into a position not effecting theoperation of the valve.

In mechanism, the combination with a driven shaft, a valve, an armhaving a hub directl secured to the shaft, a centrifugally movab emember pivotally connected to said arm, a ring fixed to said centrifugalmemer, said member and said ring being included in planes passingthrough said hub transversely of its axis, and means operative to holdsaid ring in a position for effecting the operation of said valve duringslow rotations of'said shaft, said member,

due to centrifugal movement during faster rotations of said shaft, beingoperative to move said ring into a position not effecting I theoperation of the valve.

i driven shaft, a val the combination with'a ve, an arm secured d1- Inmechanism,

rectly to the shaft,

and located at the oppositeside of said first arm whereby the pivotedportion of said first arm is positioned between apart 'of said centrifua1 arm and the plan of said ring, said ring upon slow rotation of saidshaft being operative to actuate said valve and upon faster rotation .ofsaid shaft being movable into a position due to the action of saidcentrifugal arm as not to actuate said valve. L

6. In mechanism, the combination with a driven shaft, a valve, an armsecured directly tothe shaft, a centrifugally operative armpivoted toand adjacent one side surface of said first arm, a ring secured to saidcentrifugal arm and located at the opposite side of said first armwhereby the pivoted portion of said first arm is positioned between apart of said centrifugalarm and the plane of said ring, said ring uponslow rotation of said shaft bein operative to actuate said valve andupon aster being operative to move said 7 rotation of said shaft beingmovable into a position due to the action of said centrifugal arm so asnot to actuate said valve, said arm having a shoulder portion forlimiting the movement of said centrifugal arm.

7. Mechanism. for use with a compressor having an operating crank shaftand a valve, consisting of an said compressor, said unloading deviceincluding an arm with a spline connection with said shaft whereby theposition of the arm can be definitely set relatively to. the

unloading device for crank of the crank shaft a pivotally mountedcentrifugal arm on sald first arm and opposed to the crank of saidshaft, and means connected to said centrifugal arm for actuatlng saidvalve.

8. M having suction movable with ing -a portion for actuating said meansoperative counter to centrifugalmovement for holding said portion in a.position to open said valve intermittently when said shaft is movingslower than its operating speed and to f during the compression strokesof the compressor when said shaft is movin at said slower speed, saidholding means eing of such strength as to be overcome by saidcentrifugal movement when said shaft has reached said operating speed tocause said centrifugally movable means to move into a position noteffecting the opening "of the va ve. i

9. Mechanism for use with ,a compressor having an operating crank shaftand a valve, comprising an unloading device havbe secured directly anoperating shaft and an intake. valve, including means centrifu allyrespect to said shaft and av- ROBERT-G, DYSONC.

valve,

keep said valve open, only echanism for use with a compressor saidcentrifugal member transversely to I

